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Baltimore as Port of Entry

The history of Baltimore's port as a gateway for immigrants, from European arrivals at Locust Point to contemporary port enforcement.

history port immigration locust-point

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Baltimore’s port has shaped the city’s immigrant history for centuries. Understanding this history connects us to generations of newcomers who built this city.

Locust Point Immigration Station

From 1868 to 1914, Locust Point was the second-largest immigration station in the United States after Ellis Island. Over 1.2 million immigrants—primarily from Germany, Ireland, Poland, and other European countries—entered the U.S. through Baltimore.

Why Baltimore?

The B&O Railroad connected Baltimore to the Midwest, making it an attractive entry point for immigrants heading to factory jobs in industrial cities. Steamship companies actively recruited European immigrants to fill their ships.

Legacy

The neighborhoods around the port still bear traces of this history—in church names, street names, and community institutions. Many Baltimoreans can trace their families’ arrival to Locust Point.

Contemporary Context

Today, immigration enforcement at ports looks very different, but Baltimore remains a city shaped by migration. Understanding who was welcomed and who was excluded helps us think about present-day immigration debates.

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